History of Mobile Communication

History of Mobile Communication

What is Cell phone:

A cellular phone is a portable telephone that does not use a wired connection. It connects to a wireless carrier network using radio waves.

A cellular phone network uses a number of short-range radio transmitter-receivers to communicate simultaneously with many cellphones over a large area.

The wireless network is connected to the public telephone system, another wireless carrier network or the Internet for completing calls to another phone or to a computer.

To use a cell phone, need to buy a handset (or mobile communications device) and sign up with a wireless service provider for a calling plan.

Handsets are sold at retail outlets, electronics stores, wireless service dealers and Web-based retailers. Handsets come in a wide variety of styles, sizes, screens, keypads, software and capabilities.

Most cell phones have a color screen for easier navigation and use. Most cell phones can exchange text messages with other mobile devices or e-mail addresses. More advanced phones play games, take digital photographs, access the Internet, have personal digital assistant (PDA) functions, and play music.

History  of cellular  mobile communication:
         The history of wireless follows following hierarchy.After the second world war many national and International projects in the area of wireless communications were triggered off.
 In ancient times the light was modulated either ON or OFF pattern used for wireless communication.Flags were used to signal code words.Smoke signals were used in wireless communication as early as 150 BC.

 In 206 BC Radio transmission was introduced.

 In 1794, Claude Chappe invented Optical Telegraph for long distance wireless communication

 In 1834 – 1874 Philip Reis discovered the Telephone Principle.

 In 1886,Heinrich Hertz demonstrate the wave character of electrical transmission through space.

 In 1906, vaccum tube were invented by Robert Von Lieben.

 In 1937, Guglielmo Marconigave the wireless telegraphy.

 The first network in Germany was , analog A.Netz – in 1958 with 160MHz carrier frequency.

 In 1972 ,the B.Netz followed in Germany using the same 160MHz, here the current location of the mobile receiver should be known.

 In 1981, Nordic Mobile Telephone System(NMT) has been developed with 450MHz carrier.

 In 1982, Inmarsat A satellite has been launched.

 In 1984, Cordeless Telephone(CT1) following  its  Predecessor the CT0 from 1980

 In 1987, CT2 was developed which uses the spectrum at 864MHz and offers a data channel at a rate of 32 Kb/Sec.

 In 1991, ETSI adopted the standard Digital European Cordless Telephone(DECT) for digital cordless telephony with a spectrum of 1880 – 1900 MHz.Now it is renamed as Digital enhanced cordless telecommunications.At that time Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) also enhanced.

 During 1992, Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) was standardized.

 In 1994, GSM-1800 networks in Europe also known as DCS 1800 (Digital Cellular System) started with a better quality.

 In 1996, HiperLAN (High Performance Radio LAN) whish is standardized by ETSI.

 In 1998, Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems (UMTS) developed by Europeans.

 In 1999, the 802.11b ,Bluetooth was standardized.

 In 2000, General Packet Radio Service(GPRS) IEEE802.11a was developed.

 In 2001, International Mobile Telecommunications(IMT – d-2000) was standardized

 The year 2007, is the fourth generation the Internet based.