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Quantitative Aptitude: Topicwise Breakup


Topicwise Breakup IBPS CWE PO/MT20112012
Data Interpretation (DI)2015
BODMAS/Simplification1010
number sequence-series(although reasoning topic but asked here)55
Linear Equation43
Permutation-Combination-Probability52
Average21
%, profit loss, simple-compound interest23
Ratio-Proportion-Variation23
Number theory (Remainders)01
Time-Speed-Work01
Geometry (Area-Volume-Perimeter)06
total5050
Obviously high priority = DI + BODMAS + Sequence-series.
And, Although not many questions are coming from the individual topics of percentages, profit loss, simple-compound interest, Time-speed-word, ratio, averages etc. but collectively, these topics help you raise your score by atleast 10 marks. Hence their Cost:Benefit is quite good. (compared to the amount of data you’ve to memorize to get 10 marks out of Misc.GK/Sports/Persons in News type MCQs.) Therefore, donot run away from Maths, prepare it diligently.

Ignore following topics

  1. Quadratic equations (ax2+bx+c=0)
  2. Geometry theory (except area-volume-perimeter)
  3. Trigonometry
  4. Coordinate Geometry
  5. logarithm

Speed Maths

In Both previous years, at least 25 out of 30 questions came from Data interpretation+ BODMAS only
for both ^these topics, speed Maths=essential. Although internet is full of techniques of Speed Maths, Vedic Maths, but you must atleast master following techniques:
  1. Trachtenberg’s Techniques for:
    1. Multiplication by 5.  It also indirectly helps you find out half (50%)of the given number as well. Because “m”x5= 10m/2. This helps you eliminate wrong answers quickly whenever you’ve find percentages.
    2. Multiplication by 9. It indirectly helps you guestimate the division by 11 as well. Because m/11=~0.9m
    3. Quick multiplication by 11. It indirectly helps you guestimate the number division by 9 as well. Because m/9=~0.11m
  1. Two digit division / long division / percentages approximation will be
  1. Divisibility rules for various numbers (Given in NCERT, Quantitative aptitude books)
  2. Multiplication tables of 2 to 9, 12 to 25 must be learned by heart. Especially the tables of 13, 17, 19 and 23.
  3. Squares upto 29 and cubes upto 12  (required for the sequence-series questions and BODMAS)
  4. After that, as per your time and mood, learn the Vedic math techniques for finding cube-roots, square-roots of large numbers; three-digit multiplication etc.etc.etc.

NCERT Maths

for clearing the basic concepts:
Statistics Class 11 (Only 3 Chapters for DI/Avg. concepts)Download
Mathematics Class 8Download
Mathematics Class 9Download
Mathematics Class 10Download
Mathematics Class 11 (Only AP, GP)Download

#1: Data Interpretation (DI)

Can be of two types
DIwith photo (Chart)without photo
Example
  1. pie chart
  2. bar graphs
  3. line graphs
  1. Paragraph/caselets (you’re given a lengthy paragraph on how a company has total 1200 workers out of them 500 are males and 300 union-workers etc.etc.etc.)
  2. You’re given a big table about temperature, number of students in university etc. and you’ve solve questions based on that.
Essential Skill
  1. percentage: calculation and approximation
  2. multiplication and long division (two-digit division)
  3. Ratios
Addition-subtraction. (although sometimes will require %, ratio, division as well.)

SHORTCUT FOR MULTIPLICATION TILL 100

MULTIPLICATION SHORT CUT METHODS UP 100 X 100 FOR ALL EXAMS

MULTIPLICATION UP TO 20X20 IN YOUR HEAD
  • Take 15 x 13 for an example.
  • Always place the larger number of the two on top in your mind.
  • Then draw the shape of Africa mentally so it covers the 15 and the 3 from the 13 below. Those covered numbers are all you need.
  • First add 15 + 3 = 18
  • Add a zero behind it (or multiply by 10) to get 180.
  • Multiply the covered lower 3 x the single digit above it the "5" (3x5= 15)
  • Add 180 + 15 = 195. 
15 X 13 = 195 
To multiply two numbers (of two or more digits), split each number into two parts. If the first number is a1 + b1 and the second number is a2 + b2, then the product of the two numbers is:

(a1 x a2) + (a1 x b2 + b1 x a2) + (b1 x b2)
  

The solution comprises three parts (as shown by the boxes and arrows above): the head, the middle, and the tail.

1. The digits on the right are multiplied vertically to get the tail part: b1 x b2 (excess carried over)
2. All digits are multipled crosswise and added together to get the middle part: a1 x b2 + b1 x a2 (excess carried over)
3. The digits on the left are multiplied vertically to get the head part: a1 x a2

Here is a simple example to illustrate this technique.
  • 23 x 41 = 943
Long Multiplication technique example

The steps are:

1. 3 x 1 = 3
2. 2 x 1 + 3 x 4 = 14, put down 4 and carry over 1
3. 2 x 4 = 8, plus the 1 carried over, is 9

The speed gain using this technique (over the conventional method of multi-line long multiplication) becomes more apparent when handling larger numbers. Here is another example involving excess carryover at each stage.
  • 108 x 64 = 6912
 
Long Multiplication technique example

The steps are:
1. 8 x 4 = 32, put down 2 and carry over 3
2. 10 x 4 + 8 x 6 = 88, plus the 3 carried over, is 91; put down 1 and carry over 9
3. 10 x 6 = 60, plus the 9 carried over, is 6

BLOOD RELATIONS SHORT CUTS REASONING 

BLOOD RELATIONS SHORT CUTS FOR REASONING ABILITY

Mother or father's son ----------------------------------------------Brother
Mother's of father's daughter ----------------------------------------Sister
Mother or father's brother ------------------------------------------Uncle
Mothers or fathers sister --------------------------------------------Aunt
Mothers or fathers father--------------------------------------------Grandfather
Mothers or fathers mother-------------------------------------------Grandmother
Son's wife-----------------------------------------------------------Daughter-in-law
Daughters husband--------------------------------------------------Son -in -law
Husbands or wifes sister---------------------------------------------Sister-in-law
Husbands or wifes brother-------------------------------------------Brother-in-law
Brother's son--------------------------------------------------------Nephew
Brother's daughter --------------------------------------------------Niece
Uncle or aunts son or daughter--------------------------------------Cousin
Sisters husband-----------------------------------------------------Brother-in-law
Brothers wife-------------------------------------------------------Sister-in-law
Grandsons or geand daughter --------------------------------------Great grand daughter

Ex-- A man pointing to a photographer says "the lady in the photograph is my nephew's maternal grandmother" .How is the lady in the photograph related to the man's sister who has no other sister ?
a)Cousin  b) Sister-in -law c)Mother d)Mother-in-law

Solution: Clearly the lady is the grandmother of man's sister's son that is the mother of the mother of man's sister's son that is the mother of man's sister.Hence the answer is c

Ex: A woman going with a boy is asked by another woman about the relationship between them .The womwn replied ,"My maternal uncle and the uncle of his maternal uncle is the same". How is the lady related with that boy?

a)grandmother and Grandson b)Mother and son c)Aunt and nephew d)None of these

Solution:Clearly the brother of woman's mother is the same as the brother of the father of boys maternal uncle .So, the womans mother's brother is the boy's maternal uncle's father ,Thus the woman's mother's brother's son is boy's maternal uncle that is ,woman's mother's brother's daughter is boy's mother .So the woman and boy's mother are cousins. Thus the woman is boys aunt .Hence the answer is c

Ex: Pointing out to a lady ,Rajan said ,"she is the daughter of the woman who is the mother of the husband of my mother ."Who is the lady to Rajan ?
a)Aunt b)Grand daughter c) Daughter d)Sister e) Sister-in-law

Sol:The relation may be analysed as follows

Mother's husband --Father ;Father's mother --Grandmother ; Grandmother's daughter -- Father's sister,Father's sister --Aunt
Hence, the answer is a

Ex: 1. Pointing towards a person a man said to a woman "His mother is the only daughter of your father . How is the woman related to that person?
a)Daughter b) Sister c)Mother d) wife

sol: The only daughter of woman's father is she herself ,so the person is woman's son that is the woman is the person's mother .Hence the answer is c

Ex: 2) Pointing to a lady in a photograph ,Shaloo said , "Her sons father is the son-in-law of my mother ," How is shaloo related to the lady ?
a)Aunt b) Sister c)Mother d) Cousin e) nono of these

sol:Lady's son's father is lady's husband .So the lady's husband is the son -in law of shaloo's mother that is the lady is the daughter of shaloo's mother .Thus Shaloo is the lady's sister . Hence the answer is b

Ex- 3: Anil introduces Rohit as the son of the only brother of his father's wife. How is Rohit related to Anil
a)Cousin b) Son c) Uncle d) Son-in-law e) Brother

sol: The relation may be analysed as follow

Father's wife --Mother ,Mother's brother --Uncle ,Uncle's son --Cousin
So ,Rohit is Anils Cousin .Hence answer is a

Ex-4:Pointing towards a person in the photograph Anjali said "He is the only son of the father of my sister's brother " . How is that person related to Anjali ?
a) Mother b) Father c) Maternal uncle d)Cousin e)none of these

sol:Relation may be analysed as follow

Sisters brother -- Brother ,Brother's father -Father , Father's son -Brother
So the person in the photograph is Anjali's brother .Hence the answer is e

Ex-5: Rita told Mani,"The girl i met yesterday at the beach was the youngest daughter of the brother-in-law of my freind's mother " How is the girl related to Rita's freind ?
a) Cousin b) Daughter c) Nice d) Freind e)Aunt

sol: The relation may be analysed as follow

Daughter of brother -in-law --Niece : Mother niece --Cousin : so the girl is the cousin of Rita's freind . Hence the answer is a


Direction : Read the following information and answer the question given below it .

A is the father of a C .But C is not his son .

E is the daughter of C .F is the spouse of A.

B is the brother of C. D is the son of B.

G is the spouse of B. H is the father of G.

Q.:- Who is the grandmother of D?

a) A b) C c) F d) H

Solutions:- ( answer is c.) D is the son of B, B is the brother of C and A is the father of C. Thus means that B is the father of D and A is the father of B . So , A is the grandfather of D. Since F is the spouse of A, So F is the grandmother of D.

Q.) Who is the son of F?
a) B b) C c) D d) E

Solutions:- ( Answer is a.) As explained above , B is the son of A and F is the spouse of A. So , B is the son of F.

EX
i) In a family of six persons A, B, C, D, E, and F, There are two married couples .

ii). D is grandmother of A and mother of F.

iii). C is wife of B and mother of F.

iv) F is the granddaughter of E.

Q:- What is C to A?
a) Daughter b) grandmother c) mother d) cannot be determined e) none of these

Solutions:- ( answer is c.) Cis the wife of B and D is the mother of B. Also , D is grandmother of A. So , C is the mother of A.

Q.:- How many male members are there in the family?

a) two b) three c) four d) cannot be determined e) none of these

Solutions:- Clearly the sex of A cannot be determined so answer is (d).

Q:- Which of the following is true?

a) A is brother of F.
b) A is the sister of F.
c) D has two grandsons .
d) B has two daughters

e) None of these.

Solutions:-The sex of A is not known , so, neither (a) nor (b) is definitely true. Clearly , D is the grandmother of A and F. So, the answer is (e).

Q.) Who among the following is one of the couples .

a) CD b) DE c) EB d) Cannot be determined e) None of these

Solutions:- C is the wife of B, so , one couple is BC. Now , D is grandmother of A. B is the son of D and his wife C is the mother of F . So , D is also grandmother of F. But F is the granddaughter of E . So , E is the grandfather of F and the husband of D . Thus , DE is another couple. Therefore , our answer is (b).

Ex. Read the following information and answer the questions given below :

A is the son of B. C, B's sister has a son D and a daughter E. F is the maternal uncle of D.
Q. How is A related to D?
a) cousin b) nephew c) uncle d)brother

Q. How is E related to F?
a) sister b) Daughter c) Niece d) Wife

Q. How many nephews does F have ?
a) nil b) one c) two d) three

Solutions:- First answer is (a) . A is the son of B and D is the son of the sister of B. So , A is the cousin of D.

Second answer is (c). E is the daughter of C and D is the son of C. So, F, who is the maternal uncle of D, is also the maternal uncle of E. Thus , E is the niece of F.

Third answer is (c). Clearly , F is the maternal uncle of D means F is the brother of D's mother i.e. F is the brother of C. C is the sister of B. So , F is the brother of B who is A's mother . Thus F is the maternal uncle of A . So , A and D are the nephews of F i.e.F has two nephews.

 SHORTCUTS FOR PROFIT & LOSS QUANT APTITUDE

1. Profit = Selling Price - Cost price

2. Selling Price = Cost Price + Profit

3. Cost Price = Selling Price - Profit

4. Loss = Cost Price - Selling Price

5. Selling Price = Cost Price - Loss

6.Cost price = Selling Price + Loss

7. Percentage profit / loss is always calculated on CP unless otherwise stated.


8. Profit Percentage = (Profit x 100) / CP

9. Loss Percentage = (Loss x CP) / CP

10. Selling Price = {[(100+ Gain %) x CP] / 100}

11. Selling Price = {[100- Loss %) x CP] /100}

12.Cost Price = {(100 x SP) / (100+ Gain %)}
________________________________________
: Cost price of the chair = [ (300 x 100) / (100 + 20) ]
= 30000/120
= Rs. 250.

13.Cost Price = {(100 x SP) / (100 - Loss %)}

14. If a man buys 'p' articles for 'a' rupees and sells 'q' articles for 'b' rupees. Then,
The % profit or loss = (p x b) - (q x a) / (a x q).
Note: If the Sign is +ve, there is gain. If the sign is -ve, there is a loss.

Eg : A trader buys oranges at 9 for Rs. 16 and sells them at 11 for Rs. 20. What does he gain or lose percent?

Ans: % profit or loss = [(9 x 20) - (16 x 11)]/ 16 x 11
= 2 3/11 %.
Since the sign is +ve, there is a gain of 2 3/11%.
________________________________________

15. If a shopkeeper sells his goods at x% loss on cost price but uses y gm instead of z gm, then,
His % profit or loss = [(100 - x) (z/y)] - 100.

Eg: A dishonest trader sells goods at 6 ¼ % loss on cost price but uses 875 gm instead of 1 kg. What is his percentage profit or loss?
Ans: Profit or loss percentage = [(100-6 ¼) (1000/875)] - 100

= [(375/4) (8/7)] - 100
= (107.1428) -100
= 7.1428 %

Since sign is +ve, there is a profit of 7.1428%.
________________________________________

16. If a shopkeeper sells his goods at x% profit on cost price but uses y gm instead of z gm, then,
His % profit or loss = [(100 + x) (z/y)] - 100.

Eg: A dishonest trader sells goods at 4 % gain on cost price but uses 840 gm instead of 1 kg. What is his percentage profit or loss?

Ans: Profit or loss percentage = [(100+4) (1000/840)] - 100
= [123.8095] - 100
= 23.8095%
Since sign is +ve, there is a profit of 7.1428%.
________________________________________
14. When two articles are sold at the same price such that there is a Profit of x % on one article and a Loss of x% on the other. Then Percentage Loss is:

= (Common profit or loss) 2 /100
= X2 /100

15. Marked Price or List Price is the price that is indicated or marked on the product or it is the price, which is given in the price list. This is the price at which the product is intended to be sold. However, there can be some DISCOUNT given on this price and consequently, the actual Selling Price of the product may be less than the Marked Price.

Selling Price = Marked Price - Discount.

16. Discount Percent = (Marked Price - Selling Price) x 100 / Marked Price

17. If the successive discounts given on a product are p%, q% and r%, then the selling price after all the discounts is:
= [Marked Price x (100-p) (100-q) (100-r)]/ 100 x 100 x 100

18. If 'x' articles are purchased for 'p' rupees and 'y' articles are sold for 'p' rupees. Then, Percentage profit / loss = (x-y) / y.

19. If selling price of 'x' pens is equal to the cost price of 'y' pens. Then profit percentage = (y-x) x 100 / x

E.g 2: The selling price of 12 pens is equal to the cost price of 20 pens. Find the profit percentage?
Ans: Percentage profit = (20 - 12) / 20

= 8/20
= 66.66%.

E.g3: If 12 oranges are purchased for Rs. 100 and 10 oranges are sold for Rs. 100. Find the percentage profit / loss ?
Ans: Percentage Profit = [(12 - 10) /10]x 100.

= (2 /10) x 100
= 20 %.

20. By using false weight, if a substance is sold at cost price the overall gain % is given by [(100 + Gain %) / 100]. = True weight/ False weight.

SHORTCUTS FOR HCF & LCM APTITUDE

In order to understand this concept, we need to learn some words

Factor - One number is said to be a factor of another when it divides the other exactly. Eg- 6 & 7 are factors of 42.

Highest Common Factor - Hcf of two or more numbers is the greatest number that divides each of them exactly. Thus ,6 is the HCF of 18 & 24.Because there is no number greater than 6 that divides both 18 & 24.
eg- HCF of 1365,1560& 1755
1365 = 3*5*7*13
1560 = 2*2*2*3*5*13
1755 = 3*3*3*5*13
HCF = 3*5*13 = 195

Relation between HCF & LCM
HCF(n1,n2) x LCM(n1,n2) = n1 x n2

after expressing the given fractions in lowest terms.

LCM - lcm of two or more given numbers is the least number which is exactly divisible by each of them.
15 is a common multiple of 3 & 5
LCM of 8, 12, 15, 21
8= 2*2*2*
12= 2*2*3
15 = 3*5
21= 3*7
Here, the prime factors that occur in the given numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7 and their highest powers are respectively 2*2*2, 3, 5, & 7.
Hence , the required LCM = 2*2*2**3*5*7= 840
________________________________________
Ex1: The LCM of two numbers is 2079 and their HCf is 27. If one of the numbers is 189, find the other ?

sol. the required number= LCM * HCF /first number= 2079*27/189 = 297

Some questions on this topic
Q1. Find the least number of square tiles required to pave the ceiling of a hall 15m 17cm long and 9m 2cm broad.
Ans - 814

Q2. Find the HCF & LCM of 4/5, 5/6, 7/15?
Ans - HCF = 1/30
LCM = 140
________________________________________
HCF of decimals 
step 1 -first of all , we make the same no. of decimal places by putting zero or zeroes in the given no .It is done only when the nos have different decimal places i.e. 1.3,1.32
step II - find the HCF of the given numbers without taking decimals into consideration i.e. as integers
step III - put in the result , i.e. HCF as many decimal places as there are in each of the numbers after making them same in step 1.

 

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND SHORT CUT METHODS MATERIAL FOR ALL COMPETITIVE EXAMS


  • REARRANGEMENT OF SENTENCES


    In this type of questions generally a paragraph of five sentences is given. But the sentences are not given in their proper order. The order of the sentences is changed and you are required to rearrange these sentences to make a meaningful paragraph.
    Directions (1-5) : Rearrange the following sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in proper sequence to from a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below them.

    (A) He felt that his honest ways were responsible for the poverty and starvation of his family.

    (B) Sixteen miles away from Mysore, there is a dense forest.

    (C) He told them how his honesty was useless and asked if he should try an alternative.

    (D) They told him that they would prefer starving to dishonesty.

    (E) Once there lived a poor but hon¬est woodcutter in the forest.

    (F) So he wanted to discuss his feeling with his wife and children.

    1. Which of the following should be

    the SIXTH (LAST) sentence?

    (1) (A) (2) (B)

    (3) (C) (4) (D)

    (5) (E)

    2. Which of the following should be

    the FIRST sentence?

    (1) (A) (2) (B)

    (3) (C) (4) (D)

    (5) (E)

    3. Which of the following should be

    the FIFTH sentence?

    (1) (A) (2) (B)

    (3) (C) (4) (D)'

    (5) (E)

    4. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence?

    . (1) (A) (2) (B)

    (3) (C) (4) (D)

    (5) (E)

    5. Which of the following should be

    the THIRD sentence?

    (1) (A) (2) (B)

    (3) (C) (4) (0)

    (5) (E)

    [Corporation Bank Clerk Exam,'18.06.2006]


    1. (4)    2. (2)    3. (3)    4. (5)    5. (1)

  • CLOZE TESTIn a cloze passage, some words are left and blank spaces are provided, each of which is numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each five words are suggested. Out of five words, one fits the blank appropriately in the context of the whole passage. You have to choose that word in each case which is the most appropriate. First, read the passage over and try to understand what it is about and then fill in the blanks with the help of the alternative words given, so that a meaningful-passage can be formed. KnowLedge of vocabulary and usage of English language are helpful in solving such questions. In selecting the appropriate word one must keep in mind the following aspects:


     (i) Preceding and following words of the blank space concerned.

    (ii) The meaning which the sen-tence intends to convey.

    (iii) Context of the whole passage and the message which the author likes to convey through the facts given in the passage.

    (iv) The meaning of all the alter-native words and their suitability.

    It should be noted that the selec¬tion of word for a particular blank space may be conditioned by the se¬lection of another word for a different blank space. Therefore, a rough men¬~al work may be helpful in selecting' the appropriate word for each blank space.

    Directions (1-10) : In the follow¬ing passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the pas¬sage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

    Jamshedji Tata is ill to be the path¬finder of modern industrial builders. He is known as the grand-father of the in-dian industry for his acumen and en-thusiasm. Nobody else could have L2l of the new industries started by Jamshedji at the time when' industrial . ill and revolution was yet to come to India.

    Jamshedji's father Nasarvanji Tata used to trade in jute with China and Britain. He started ill from India. Jamshedji started a cloth mill in Nagpur more than hundred years ago. At. that time almost all the @ used to come from Lancashire in England. What Jamshedji .LID was praiseworthy.

    Jamshedji ill very well that an in-dustrial revolution can only be brought in the country by setting up iron and' steel industry. !ID he did not live to see the industry he had in mind, he had done all fID. work. In fact, he laid the ground work for it. He had planned the entire steel city now known as Jamshedpur, complete with streets, roads, schools, parks, play grounds, temples, mosques, churches, etc. His !1Ql was fulfilled by his sons, Sir Dorabji tata and Sir Rattan Tata, when they started the Tata Iron & Steel Factory in 1907 just after three years of his death.

    1. (1) agreed (2) empowered

    (3) determined (4) considered

    (5) rewarded

    2. (1) thought (3) set

    (5) absolved

    3. (1) acts (2) machinery

    (3) awakening (4) factories (5) imports

    4. (1) industries (2) import

    (3) trade (4) dispatch

    (5) export

    5. (1) imports (2) cloth

    (3) machines (4) industries

    (5) goods

    6. (1) dreamt (3) told

    (5) did

    7. (1) advocated (2) planned

    (3) thought (4) knew

    (5) felt

    8. (1) Although (2) Suprisingly

    (3) Luckily (4) Even

    (5) Because

    9. (1) complete (2) trivial

    (3) preliminary (4) external (5) insignificant

    10. (1) task (2) dream

    (3) industry (4) sentiment

    (5) need

    [Corporation Bank Clerk Exam, 18.06.2006]

    Directions (11-20) : In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

    Working under the psychometric approach, both scientists and practi-tioners have placed undue emphasis upon a unitary concept of intelligence as reflected in the single 1.0. They seem to have i!.!2 too much attention to the products of intelligent behaviour rather than the processes used to ac¬quire (12) products. Such attention to product rather than to process tends to mask qualitative differences in the processes by (13) individuals interact with their environment and to ~ at¬tention away from the possibility of qualitative changes in the nature of these processes (15) the course ofcognitive development.

    Haywood points out that there is no such thing as intelligence. There are in fact many intelligences. Factor ana¬lysts, i1..§1 have studies the nature of intellect by intellect by examining its apparent structure across different age groups and different segments of the population have to a great !!Z} dis-credited the unitary concept of intelli-gence. Even so, the structure theories of intelligence are (18) concerned with products and not with processes.

    A very promising approach to the nature of intelligence in recent years is the process development (Cognitive Development) approach. It UJll upon the cognitive processes used to re¬ceive, code, and (20) information.

    11. (1) gives (2) gave

    (3) forced (4) given

    (5) taken

    12. (1) those (3) that (5) this

    13. (1) how

    (3) speech (5) which

    14. (1) draw (3) force (5) drag

    15. (1) at

    (3) during (5) for

    16. (1) who (3) might (5) whom

    17. (1) meaning (2) person

    (3) extend (4) extent

    (5) value 18.(1) uptill (3) until (5) still

    19. (1) focus (3) jumps (5) focused

    20. (1) pack (3) store (5) hoard

    [United Bank of India Clerk Exam, 24.07.2005]

    ANSWERS I

    1. (4) 2. (1) 3. (3) 4. (2) 5. (2)

    6. (5) 7. (4) 8. (1) 9.(3) 10.(2) 

    11.(4) 12. (2) 13. (5) 14. (1) 15. 

    16. (1)(3) 17. (4) 18. (5) 19. (2) 20. (3)

    Directions (1-10) : I n the follow¬ing passage, there are blanks, each of which has ,been numbered. These numbers are printed below the pas¬sage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

    With the (1) of Indian economy (2.) various reforms initiated, banking sector (~), a pivotal role in the pro¬cess of achieving (~) economic growth and also in (~) the socialwell being at large. The Public sector (Q) in India have the twin tasks ahead of meeting the social banking (Z) and at the same time generating (8.) profits to meet the costs associated with growth. At present, banks have more than 76.1 per cent of their total branch (~) in rural and semi-urban (10).

    1. (1) nationalisation (2) expansion

    (3) liberalisation

    (4) computerisation (5) accommodation

    2. (1) from (2) over

    (3) between (4) through

    (5) thorough

    3. (1) manages (2) occupies

    (3) facilitates (4) naturalise

    (5) conquers

    4. (1) fewer (3) higher (5) lesser

    5. (1) increasing (2) enhancing (3) encouraging (4) improving (5) innovating

    6. (1) organisations (2) companies (3) corporations (4) banks

    (5) institutions

    7. (1) limitations (2) obligations

    (3) derivatives (4) facilities (5) liabilities

    8. (1) beautiful (2) lumpsum

    (3) adequate (4) wonderful

    (5) everlasting

    9. (1} map

    (3) network (5) graph '

    10. (1) households (2) residences (3) areas

    (4) locals

    (5) suburbs

    [Syndicate Bank Clerk Exam, 17.04.2005]

    Directions (11-20) : In the follow¬ing passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the pas¬sage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropri¬ate word in each case.

    In any organised group of mam-mals, no matter how co-operative, there is always a U1l for social domi¬nance. As he pursues this each adult individual {1g} a particular social rank, giving him his position, or status in the group hierarchy. The situation never remains!1.ID for very long, largely be-cause all the status strgglers are UAl older. When the overlords or 'top¬dogs' become senile, their seniority is challenged and they are !.1ID. by their immediate subordinates. There is then renewed dominance squabbling as !1ID moves a little further up the so¬cial ladder. At the other end of the scale, the younger members of the group are maturing rapidly, keeping up the pressure from UZl. In the ad¬dition, certain members of the group may suddenly be UID down by dis¬ease or accidental death leaving gaps in the hi'erarchy that have to be quickly filled.

    The general result is a constant condition of status tension. Under natural L1ID. this tension remains tol-erable because of the limited size of the social grouping. If, however, in the artificial environment of captivity, the group size becomes too big, or the space available too small, then the

    'rat race' soon gets out of hand, dominance battle rage uncontrollably and the leaders of the packs, prides, colonies or tribes come under (20) strain.

    11. (1) stress (2) feel

    (3) struggle (4) war

    (5) envy

    12. (1) desire (3) inherits (5) acquires

    13. (1) unstable (2) stable (3) equitable (4) equal (5) calm

    14. (1) growing (2) aheading

    (3) looking (4) feeling

    (5) moving

    15. (1) piked (3) thrown (5) insulted

    16. (1) no-one (3) junior

    (5) everyone

    17. (1) below (3) sides (5) behind

    18. (1) come (3) feel (5) run

    19. (1) upbringing (2) forces

    (3) conditions (4) pressures

    (5) preconditions

    20. (1) desirable (2) severe (3) unwanted (4) stress (5) productive

    [Corporation Bank Clerk Exam, 07.11.2004]

    ANSWERS 1

    1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (2) 4.(3)

    5. (4) 6. (4) 7. (2) 8. (3)

    9. (3) 10. (3) 11. (3) 12. (3)

    13. (5) 14. (1) 15. (4) 16. (5)

    17. (5) 18. (4) 19. (3) 20. (2)

  • PHRASE REPLACEMENT

  • Questions on Phrase Replacement were rarely asked in Bank Clerical Exams. Phrase may be defined as "a collection of words which may have a Subject but no Finite Verb." Phrase in this sense finds its application in the Bank P.O. Exams. In .the context of the questions asked in Bank Clerical Exams. PHRASE'may be defined simply as a part of a sentence which needs replacement by an appropriate part. Candidates are required to select the appropriate option to replace the underlined or bold part in the given sentence so that the meaning which the sentence bears or intends to bear remains intact.

  • Consider the following examples:

    Directions (1-5) : Which of the phra~es (1), (2), (3) and (4) given below each sentence should replace the phrase printed in bold type to make the sentence grammatically correct? If the sentence is correct as it is, mark (5) i.e., "No correction required" as the answer.

    1 . The police has so far succeed in recovering only a part of the sto¬len property.

    (1) thus far succeeded for recovery

    (2) so far succeed in the recovery of

    (3) as far as succeeded in recovery of

    (4) so far succeed to recover (5) No correction required

    [BSRB Patna Bank Clerical Exam., 16.03.1998] 
    2. Meditation has used in every part of the world.

    (1) has useful (2) has been used (3) has had used (4) may have used

    (5) No correction required

    3. We advised them to go to a hill

    station during the summer vacation.

    (1) for going to

    (2) that they go to

    (3) to going to

    (4) that they should have to go to (5) No correction required

    [BSRB Patna (SC/ST) Bank Clerical Exam., 12.01.1997] 4. No sooner do the bell ring

    than the curtain rose.

    (1) did the bell ring (2) did the bell rings (3) had the bell rang (4) had the bell rung

    (5) No correction required

    [BSRB Patna Bank Clerical Exam., 16.03.1997] 5. They failed in their attempt to repair the demolished portion of the building.

    (1) for their attempt

    (2) in their attempting to repair (3) with their attempt

    (4) in their attempt for repairs (5) No correction required

    [BSRB Patna Bank Clerical Exam., 16.03.1997]

    ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATION

    1.(5) The sentence is correct

    2.(2) In the place of has used, use has been used.

    3.(5) The sentence is correct.

    4.(1) After no sooner we use either.

    Did + Present Tense (V1) or  Had + Vs

    5.(5) The sentence is correct

  • MIS-SPELT WORDS

  • In this type of questions four words are given, of which one word is spelt incorrectly. Candidates are required to find out the word which is wrongly spelt. To solve such questions you should have sufficient command over vocabulary. You should know the correct pronunciation of words. Con-sider the following examples:

    Directions (1-4) : In each question below, four words which are numbered (1 ),(2), (3) and (4) have been printed of which one may be wrongly spelt. The number of that word is an¬swer. If all the four words are correctly spelt, mark (5) i.e. 'All correct' as the answer.

    1. (1) Profesion  (2) Justice    (3) Riot   (4) Assembly    (5) All Correct

    2. (1) Shoddy (2) Affair (3) Parade (4) Beard

    (5) All Correct

    3. (1) Machstick (2) Death

    (3) Birth (4) Spark

    (5) All Correct

    4. (1) Suspect (2) Rope

    (3) Religious (4) Ecsplode (5) All Correct

    [Syndicate Bank Clerk Exam, 17.04.2005]

    Directions (5-7) : In each ques¬tion below four words are given num-bered as (1), (2), (3) and (4). One of these four words may be wrongly spell. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. The num¬ber of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt, mark (5) Le. 'All Correct' as your answer.

    5 .. (1) Adventure

    (2) Demonstration (3) Environment (4) Innosent

    (5) All Correct

    6. (1) Immitation (2) Dependable (3) Miniature

    (4) Qualitative (5) All Correct

    7. (1) Lucrative (2) Ancestral

    (3) Performence (4) Incidentally (5) All Correct

    [Corporation Bank Clerk Exam, 07.11.2004]

    Directions (8-12) : In each ques¬tion below four words marked (1), (2), (3) an (4) are given. One of which may be wrongly spell. Find out th~t word, the spelling of which is wrong. The number of that word is the an-swer. If all the four words are spelt cor¬rectly the answer is (5) Le. All correct.

    8. (1) Empanel (2) Endenger (3) Denigrate (4) Tantamount (5) All Correct

    [BSRB Mumbai Bank Clerical Exam., 07.06.1998]



    9. (1) Additional (2) Numeracy (3) Participate (4) Revealing (5) All Correct

    [BSRB Palna Bank Clerical Exam., 22.03.1998]

    10. (1) Manufacture (2) Acustomed (3) International (4) Competition (5) All Correct

    [BSRB Palna Bank Clerical Exam., 05.04.1998]

    11. (1) Emperor (2) Prominent (3) Interogate (4) Notification (5) All Correct

    [BSRB Jaipur Bank Clerical Exam., 22.12.1997]

    12. (1) Pioner

    (2) Neighbour (3) Harmony (4) Propriety (5) All Correct

    [BSRB Lucknow Bank Clerical Exam., 1412.1997]

    [ ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATION] 1.(1) The correct spelling is PRO-FESSION.

    2.(5)

    3.(1) The correct spelling is MATCHSTICK.

    4. (4) The correct spelling is EX-PLODE.

    5.(4) The correct spelling is INNO-CENT.

    6.(1) The correct spelling is IMI-TATION.

    7.(3) The correct spelling is PER-FORMANCE.

    8.(2) The correct spelling is EN-DANGER.

    9.(1) The correct spelling is AD-DITIONAL.

    10.(2) The correct spelling is AC-CUSTOMED.

    11.(3) The correct spelling is IN-TERROGATE.

    12.(1) The correct spelling is PIO-NEER.

  • FILL IN THE BLANKS

  • In this type of questions some sentences are given with blank spaces to be filled in with appropriate words. Five alternatives are sug¬gested for each blank space. You are required to choose the most appropriate word from amongst the suggested alternatives. To solve such questions, it is necessary to know the meanings of all the five words in each case.
    Before looking at the choices, read the sentence carefully and think of a word that can best complete the sentence in both thought and style. If you can come up with a word that makes logical sense in the context of the sentence. Look at the alternative

    words. If the word you thought of is one among the five words, select that as your answer. If it is not so, look for a synonym of that word, which will be your answer. You can also decide bn .the best answer by substituting all the five alternative words one by. one and then eliminating the unsuitable words. Some Important Tips

    (i) Read the sentence carefully and try to make out the meaning of the entire sentence. If it is not pos¬sible, make a guess "what is intended to be said" or "what message the sen¬tence likes to convey". In doing so, you must keep in mind general belief, facts, morality and other related infor¬mation.

    (ii) Observe and follow the norms of Usages. There are certain words which are used in certain cases and convey some particular meanings. For this read PRATIYOGITA KIRAN every month.

    (iii) Use appropriate Preposition if it is required.

    (iv) Carefully select the word if it comes before any Preposition.

    Now consider the following ex-amples:

    Directions (1-14) : Pick out the most effective word from the given words to make the senten~e meaning¬fully complete.

    1. It is desirable to take __ in

    any business if you want to make profit.

    (1) advice (2) risk

    (3) loan (4) recourse

    (5) perseverance

    2. The rocket __ the target and

    did not cause any casualty. (1) sensed

    (2) reached

    (3) missed

    (4) exploded

    (5) aimed

    3. You must ensure the correctness of the information before __ to con-clusion.

    (1) drawing (2) enabling (3) leaning (4) jumping (5) examining

    4. They wasted all the money on

    purchase of some _. __ items.

    (1) excellent

    (2) important

    (3) significant

    (4) quality

    (5) trivial

    5. When he found the wallet his face glowed but soon it faded as the wallet was

    (1) empty (2) vacant (3) recovered (4) stolen (5) expensive

    [Corporation Bank Clerk Exam, 18.06.2006]

    6. I will them for

    saving me from the agonies of old age.

    (1) fire (2) beat (3) thank

    (4) admonish (5) shout

    7. I have not done things which

    anyone else may feel are _

    recording.

    (1) useless (3) good (5) bad

    8. I was handed to

    Bhai Hari Singh. (1) back

    (3) through (5) again

    9. We were with the

    names of notorious criminals. (1) constantly

    (2) convenient

    (3) familiar

    (4) obvious

    (5) Ignorant

    10. I do not know what _

    my father choose that particular school.

    (1) happened (2) controlled

    (3) made (4) asked

    (5) thrilled

    [Syndicate Bank Clerk Exam, 17,04.2005]

    11. We were watching a movie on

    television when the light off.

    (1) came (2) put

    (3) went (4) took

    (5) gave

    12. ------ of the people left the

    hall soon after the show began.

    (1) many (2) put

    (3) went (4) took

    (5) gave

    13. He have to go in

    a taxi to reach there immediately.

    . (1) will (2) ought

    (3) could (4) must

    (5) should

    14. Madhu is a sick man and has

    to be taken to the doctor __

    (1) usually

    (2) timely

    (3) seldom

    (4) frequently

    (5) rarely

    [BSRB Palna Bank Clerical Exam., 09.01.2000]

    ANSWERS

    1. (2) 5. (1) 9. (3)

    2. (3) 6. (3) 10. (3)

    3. (4) 7. (2) 11. (3)

    4. (5) 8. (2) 12. (4) 13. (1) 14. (2)

  • ENGLISH COMMON ERRORS

  • CORRECTION OF SENTENCES

  • EASY WAYS TO FIND ERRORS IN SENTENCES

  • GRAMMAR ERRORS FIND-OUTS

  • Short Cut Methods for correction of sentences

  • HUNDRED GOLDEN RULES TO FIND OUT ERRORS IN ENGLISH

  • QUESTIONS ON COMMON ERRORS

  • RELATIVE SYNONYMS & ANTONYMS SHORTCUTS

  • SHORT CUTS FOR COMPREHENSION TEST

  • SYLABUS FOR BANK EXAMS ENGLISH PAPER

  • ENGLISH LANGUAGE BANK & ALL EXAMS


TOPIC-WISE DISTRIBUTION OF QUESTIONS ASKED IN PREVIOUS EXAM PAPERS

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