Awk Script to Print Network Statistics

Hi Folks,
In this post I, shall give u an awk file I wrote that prints several network statistics of interest (these are of course the basic ones cuz i ain’t that good at statistics). Being fed up with lots of awk files floating on the net and most of them don’t work or work on old trace formats of ns-2.34. So I planned to write my own awk script for my simulations.
[ AWK FILE SCRIPT DOWNLOAD]
This awk script i wrote is for 50 nodes and by minor modifications it can be changed to any no. I have used it for 150 nodes. The statistics u can calculate with this file are:

• Total Packets Sent
• Total Packets Received
• Total Packets Dropped
• Total Packets Forwarded
• Packet Delivery Ratio %
• The total hop counts are
• Average Hop Count
• Routing Overhead
• Normalized Routing Load
• Througphut of the network (KBps)
• Average End to End Delay
• Total Energy Consumed
• Protocol Energy Consumption

Some of these metrics I have calculated using the above shown image. However energy consumption metrics have been calculated by me. When u run this awk script using the command :
awk -f statistics.awk xyz.tr   (xyz.tr is your trace file name)
statistics.awk creates 5 files (which contain info related with each node) in your directory they are:

• energyleft.txt
• pktdrop.txt
• pktfwd.txt
• pktrecvd.txt
• pktsent.txt

Note:- This statistics.awk file was made for 50 nodes. However in the awk file i have put comments so as to where u need to make changes in order to run it for any number of nodes.
My view:- I wrote it according to my own logic and understanding however some logic may be wrong or may not be optimal or may be very time consuming. If any suggestions are there for improving this code. Please suggest. Thanks
Let’s support the research community by sharing our code and not hiding it.

  Extension PGECET 2013 Certificate Verification Entry Dates

ME/M.TECH/M.PHARM Counselling:
Certificate verification / Web counseling for admission into ME/M.Tech/M.Pharm/M.Arch for the academic year 2013-14 commenced from 30th July 2013 and is scheduled rank wise upto 11th August 2013, whereas option entry is scheduled up to 16th August 2013. So far about 45000 students have attended for certificate verification. In view of the disturbances in some places the certificate verification is extended up to 16th August 2013(Except on 15th August 2013) and option entry is extended upto 19th August 2013. The students those who could not get their certificates verified as per the schedule may attend for the same at any Help line center on or before 16th August 2013 5 P.M. The option entry schedule is available on the website http://pgecet.apsche.ac.in. except on 15th August 2013.

S.No	Ranks	Option entry Date
1	GATE / GPAT All PGECET up to Rank 4000	16-08-2013 & 17-08-2013
2	PGECET Rank 4001 to Last Rank	18-08-2013 & 19-08-2013

Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering GATE 2014

Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is an all India examination administered and conducted jointly by the Indian Institute of Science and seven Indian Institutes of Technology that are listed below on behalf of the National Coordination Board - GATE, Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India.

The GATE committee, which comprises of representatives from the administering institutes, is the sole authority for regulating the examination and declaring the results.The overall coordination and responsibility of conducting GATE 2014 lies with Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, designated as the Organizing Institute for GATE 2014.


Download GATE 2013 Poster Here
New in GATE 2014
1) Examinations for all the 21 papers will be conducted by an ONLINE Computer Based Test (CBT). The online examination paper will contain some questions for which numerical answers must be keyed in by the candidate using the virtual keypad. Rest of the questions shall be of Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) type.

2) GATE 2014 examinations will be held during forenoon and afternoon sessions on alternate weekends (Saturday and Sunday) between 1st February 2014 and 2nd March 2014. Examination for some of the papers in GATE 2014 will be held in multiple sessions. Exact details on complete examination schedule will be notified at a later date.

3) A new paper "Ecology and Evolution" is introduced in GATE 2014.

Note : Changes in GATE 2013 that will continue to remain in force for GATE 2014.

Important Dates:

GATE Online Application Processing System (GOAPS) Website Opens: Enrolment, Application Filling, Application Submission	Monday	2nd September 2013
Last Date for Enrolment (after this only enrolled candidates can fill the application)	Tuesday	1st October 2013
Last Date for Submission of Online Application through Website	Thursday	3rd October 2013
Last Date for the receipt of Print-out of the ONLINE Application along with all the supporting documents at the respective Zonal GATE Offices	Thursday	10th October 2013
Last Date for Request for Change in the Choice of City	Wednesday	20th November 2013
Availability of Admit Card on the GOAPS website for printing	Wednesday	18th December 2013
GATE 2014 Online Examination Forenoon: 9.00 AM to 12.00 Noon Afternoon: 2.00 PM to 5.00 PM	Saturdays and Sundays	Between 1st February and 2nd March 2014
Announcement of Results on the Online Application Website	Friday	28th March 2014 (10:00 Hrs)

Application Fee:

• Male Candidates (General/OBC) : Rs.1500/-
• Women Candidates of any category : Rs.750/-
• Other Candidates (General/OBC) : Rs.1500/-
• SC / ST / PD* Category Candidates : Rs.750/-

Examination cities: See the Brochure

How to Apply:
All candidates have to apply only ONLINE. An online interface is provided for your interaction with the GATE Office. With this interface you can

1. Do Enrolment using “New User Register here”
2. Fill the online application form
3. Upload photograph and signature
4. Pay the application fee through net-banking or indicate your option for payment through bank challan (State Bank of India or Syndicate Bank)
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6. Contact the Zonal GATE Offices in case of any queries/problems
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The login to this interface is through your GOAPS Enrolment ID and a GOAPS password. Keep this information safe and do not disclose it to anyone.

GATE 2014 Score:
After the evaluation of the answers, the raw marks obtained by a candidate will be converted to a normalized GATE Score. From 2013 onwards, the GATE score of a candidate is being computed using the formula given below. The GATE Score of a candidate is computed from:

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Official Website : http://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/gate2014/

Survey: IT pros prefer job profile, brand image over salary

When it comes to employment, many aspirants give more weightage to the job profile and brand image of a company than the salary package, a survey shows.

The survey by Firstnaukri.com, a portal for campus hiring, also found that BE/B.Tech IT students prefer IBM for employment, followed by TCS and Infosys.

"Job profile and brand image of the company continue to rule the choice in comparison to salary package during placements," according to the survey.

The findings are based on questions e-mailed to jobseekers registered with the portal. It covered BE/B.Tech, BBA, BCA, B.Sc, non-IT engineers, finance and computer science graduates and post-graduate students.

"Infosys, TCS and IBM still remain the big giants in campus placements for IT students. It is interesting to note that the students are keener for a good job profile rather than a fat salary package," Firstnaukri.com Business Head Deepali Singh said.

For non-IT engineers, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and L&T are the most preferred brands, followed by Tata Motors and Tata Steel, the report said.

Among MBA and MCA students, it said that Coca-Cola and Bharti Airtel emerged as the preferred employers, followed by Pepsi & Samsung.

Source : TOI

Study:IT managers, engineers hardest to find

IT manager/network administrator, engineer, accountant and software developers are some of the positions that are the hardest to fill globally, says a study.

According to a new global study from human capital solutions firm CareerBuilder, companies around the world have at least one thing in common: difficulty filling in-demand jobs as organisations struggle to find qualified candidates.

In India, the positions that take the longest to fill include -- IT manager/network administrator, computer programmer, accountant, engineer, administrative assistant/ secretary and marketing professional.

This survey was conducted online within the US, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Russia and the UK by Harris Interactive on behalf of CareerBuilder from May 9 to June 5, 2013 and included more than 5,000 hiring managers and human resource professionals.

The survey further noted that while the positions that take the longest to fill vary from country to country, there are some similarities across the globe as engineering and technology positions and revenue-driving roles such as sales and customer service generally take the longest time to fill.

Besides engineering and technology positions and revenue- driving roles like sales and customer service, countries like US, Russia had difficulty to fill positions like truck driver and security guard, while Japan had difficulty to fill positions like construction worker and tradesperson, it said.

Commenting on the findings, CareerBuilder CEO Matt Ferguson said : "Any positions that remain open for an extended period of time can negatively impact both the financial health of a company and its overall employee morale."

Ferguson added that "we see more hiring managers embracing data tools that can measure market demand and supply of relevant labour in specific geographies, so they can adjust their recruitment strategies and fill vacancies in a timely manner."

Source : TOI

India Inc presses layoff button; IT jobs take a hit

While fresh hiring has already taken a hit, thanks to the slowing economy, India Inc has for the first time acknowledged that large-scale layoffs are already underway and the job market is likely to get much worse if growth isn't revived fast.

"Layoffs of contractual staff have already started and this could soon move to permanent employees," Ficci president Naina Lal Kidwai has said, warning the government of "a grim employment scenario" unless growth is revived urgently.

"With the slowdown becoming more discernible, fresh hiring is already taking a hit. Unless the growth trajectory is reversed, we will be facing a grim employment scenario," Kidwai said ahead of the meeting of the Prime Minister's Council of Trade and Industry on Monday evening. Estimates indicate that about 10 million people join the workforce every year; however, there remains a yawning gap between the skills acquired by these new entrants and skill set required by the employer.

An internal note of Ficci reviewed by ET states that the job market is 'gloomy' with sectors such as auto, IT and banking seeing thousands of job losses, while most companies have imposed a hiring freeze.

"Particularly in the auto sector, which has been operating at low capacity due to weak demand, thousands of temporary staff has already been laid off and fresh hiring is on a complete freeze," Ficci said. "Job market in other sectors also reflects a slowdown. UBS recently surrendered its commercial banking licence to the RBI and had begun firing employees from its commercial banking division."

The surrender of the banking licence by UBS reflects a growing disenchantment among foreign investors about India's prospects in the near to medium term. Since procuring such an asset like an operating licence in the country entails long and complex procedures, often running into years, this indicates that it doesn't expect the Indian market to be lucrative for a while to come.

" IBM, as a part of its restructuring process, had already started laying off employees in North America and more jobs are likely to be cut in other nations like India," the FICCI note states. Headhunters said the stress in the job market is visible, though it hasn't become an across-the-board phenomenon yet.

"We are seeing a lot of CVs coming from employees in the banking and technology sectors, looking for opportunities in other sectors," said Dony Kuriakose, director of Edge Executive Search, adding that a bigger re-alignment is underway in hiring strategies.

"No one is looking at mass hiring or entry-level recruitments off campus, instead the focus is now on niche, specialised hiring," he said. This poses a serious threat for new entrants into the job market and could lead to high youth unemployment. Over 10 million young Indians join the workforce every year but a mismatch in the skills they have acquired and the skill sets industry is looking for makes it difficult for them to get formal employment.

Industry-wide surveys conducted by Assocham and Ficci show a steady decline in the number of firms that expect to hire more people, which also euphemistically implies that there are greater pressures to downsize staff numbers. For instance, FICCI's Business Confidence Survey found that just 20% respondents expect hiring to go up in the second quarter of 2013-14, down sharply from 30% of firms who indicated the same in the previous quarter.

A similar poll by Assocham found that almost three out of every four firms doesn't expect any new jobs to be created this year. Another indication of harder times in the job market is the sharp decline in margins across the services and manufacturing sectors, which is forcing companies to curb operational costs.

Data compiled by the Centre for Monitoring the Indian Economy (CMIE) shows that net sales growth in manufacturing sector eased from 9.3% in the third quarter of 2012-13 to 5.2% in the fourth quarter. The sales decline had hit sectors across the board: food and chemicals, metals, steel, cement and transport equipments.

Profit margins and operating expenses also saw a similar decline in that period, and industry believes things have got worse in the first quarter of this year, with no tangible revival in any of the core economic barometers.

Source : TOI

 Nasscom says IT hiring could come down by 17% this fiscal

Rising automation and low attrition in IT sector may act as a dampener for job seekers with industry body Nasscom expecting hiring to decline by up to 17 per cent to 1,50,000 in the current fiscal.

The 108-billion dollar Indian IT-ITeS sector provides employment to about 3 million professionals.

"I think we will have net additions of 150,000-180,000 this year. Last year it was about 180,000," Nasscom President Som Mittal said when asked about the hiring environment.

Explaining the decline, he added: "It might be less than last year, as it is getting non-linear and lower-end jobs are getting automated. The profile is changing and we need more Domain experts."

Attrition levels have also come down to around 14-15 per cent against the industry average of 20 per cent earlier.

Mittal also said that campus hiring may fall significantly due to change in hiring patterns.

"Campus hiring may be 60 per cent of what it was last year," he said, adding that now employers are focusing more on soft skills and leadership qualities than on technical skills.

According to an analysis, three years back 80 per cent focus was on technical skills "but now only 40 per cent focus is on technical skills and the rest is on soft skills and Domain," Mittal said.

Hiring by India's four largest IT companies dropped by over 60 per cent in the April-June quarter of this year.

The top four IT services exporters made net additions of about 4,100 to their workforce during the quarter this year, against around 10,900 in the year-ago period.

Source : TOI

 Engineering Slowdown: Graduates facing risk of unemployment

It isn't intended to crush young dreams. But for over a million engineering students who are stepping into placement season this month, Nasscom President Som Mittal's confirmation that IT hiring will indeed decline 22% to 1.8 lakh this year does just that.

"Ten years ago, we could hire half the graduating engineering students, but now, there is global uncertainty, automation, non-linear growth," Mittal told ET even as a new engineering placement season gets underway in a rather bleak economic backdrop. "We cannot provide jobs to all."

As it is, a fifth to a third of engineering graduates run the risk of being unemployed. Many others will take jobs well below their technical qualifications, an ET special feature had reported recently.

That's the environment in which hundreds of non-IIT and second-tier colleges are now getting into a placement overdrive. They are roping in newer industries, inviting more companies, settling for salaries that are much lower than the minimum benchmarks, and encouraging more students to entrepreneurship.

"Last year, we had a placement record of 85%, but this time, we would be happy even if we meet 70% of the target," says Guru Venkatesh, V-P (placement and corporate relations) for Dayananda Sagar Institutions. "Up until 2012, there were companies we would not touch...but this year, we are looking at all."
But top-rung institutes, including the Indian Institutes of Technology, remain relatively insulated. "We have no worries. Only 15% of our students join the IT sector and for our 1,200-odd students (all streams included), salaries are expected to go up as well," said an official from the placement office of IIT-Madras. The average salary has gone up from 8.9 lakh for the batch of 2012 to 11.4 lakh for the class of 2013.

Karnataka-based DayanandaSagar Institutions has around a 1,000 students to place. This year, it has decided that companies will have to share slots from day one. Three companies will be allowed to pick students on the same day; only one was allowed earlier.

"IT companies, which used to be the large recruiters, will hire fewer people, so we are trying to get more firms to make up for the numbers," says Venkatesh.

"In 2012, around 100 companies came. This time, we will try for 200, which includes startups," he adds.

Call them all
Colleges are compromising on salaries too. "Last year, we had few companies offering 3-lakh plus salaries. This year, we are open to more companies with salaries of 3 lakh or so," says an official from the placement team of VIT University, based in Tamil Nadu.

The campus has started its placements with companies like DE Shaw, Flipkart and Ebay.

IT companies, which constitute about 70% of hires, usually come later in the year, around September onwards.

Campus placements for engineering colleges start from mid-July and continue for the next eight months. Initially, those from core engineering industries, R&D and sectors like auto, manufacturing take their pick.

The IT mammoths, which hire in large numbers, come only in September but have said their hiring will be muted. "The overall industry will see muted hiring from campus this year," says Pratik Kumar, executive vice-president for HR at Wipro.

Compared with the 2,30,000 IT jobs created in 2012, only 1,80,000 will be generated this year, according to Nasscom. This year, IT giants will hire in September during campus placements and again in May-June, to bulk up their off-campus placements, Mittal adds.

Alternate avenues
Bangalore-based RV College of Engineering is advocating entrepreneurship for its students. It is looking to garner Rs 25 crore in two years for its entrepreneurship cell. In the past 50 years, 12% of its alumni became entrepreneurs and the college hopes more will follow suit. It wants the 1,000-odd engineers graduating every year to apply for more patents and research projects so that they are picked up by core engineering firms and do not have to bank upon just the IT sector.

Delhi Technological University (DTU) will follow a similar strategy. "We have added 15% new recruiters only for computer science and IT students, keeping in mind that hiring numbers per company may take a hit," says NeerajNimwal, training & placement officer for DTU. "Colleges need to look at other sectors like manufacturing, pharma, biotech as recruiters. In fact, I am more worried about those graduating four years later," says Nasscom'sMittal.
Some have done so without delay.

Bengal Engineering and Science University (BESU) has around 500 students, roughly 180 are from streams like IT, computer science, electronics and electrical engineering. MK Sanyal, professor & head, department of HR Management, says placing all these students is getting more challenging as the scenario gets increasingly competitive. Earlier, if 30 companies used to approach the institute for placements, the first 5-6 would absorb all the students, and the others had to be sent back.

"Last year, we felt the heat when several more companies were required to take on all the students. This year, we will have to accommodate even more companies," he says.

Source : TOI

Search where IT companies are poaching talent from

In tough times such as these, when software companies are extremely choosy about hiring, there is one area where the demand for professionals far exceeds supply — data analytics.

The consequence is that large information technology companies are aggressively poaching from small, specialist data analytics companies and driving up salaries for those with skills in this niche. Analysing vast amounts of data to help corporations make more informed business decisions is an emerging opportunity that software services companies are eager to tap into.

While smaller firms such as MuSigma, Fractal Analytics, Manthan Systems, Opera Solutions, AbsoluteData have been early birds in the space, larger companies like Tata consultancy Services, Cognizant, Infosys and Wipro, who were late to the game, are now scrambling for talent.

Rahul Kumar, an engineering graduate who refused to join typical IT companies for an annual salary of Rs 4-5 lakhs, is now being offered jobs that pays as much as Rs 7-10 lakh after he did a specialised data analytics course that trained him in the tools of the trade. Not much different is the case of Ashish Jain who works in the analytics practice at Infosys and is getting job offers with a promise of up to 50% raise.

"As traditional IT services firms try to ramp up their big data and analytic services, places like Manthan systems become a good source of trained talent," said Atul Jalan, chief executive officer of Manthan Systems, which helps retail chains understand their customers better to be able reach out to them with right products at the right time.

"The only way to combat this trend of poaching is to provide the analysts with good opportunities and challenges." The Bangalore-based analytics firm, which has seen a recent spike in employee attrition and looking for ways to improve employee engagement, is maintaining a "bench" of employees to shield itself from the impact of attrition .

"Instead of enforcing a bond on them, we reached out to our employees to understand their needs," said Jalan. Industry analysts estimate that big data and data analytics firms are witnessing employee churn levels of between 15% and 20%, compared to broader IT industry attrition rates of 9% to 14%. "When the need comes, companies are ready to take the talent at any cost.

They make a lucrative offer in terms of salary, global exposure and role, which is difficult to say no to," said Gaurav Vohra, founder and head of Jigsaw Academy , a Bangalore-based institute that offers specialised training in data analytics. The rush for talent is fuelled by the rapid rise in demand for analytics services.

Industry body Nasscom estimates analytics to be a $7.5 billion opportunity—including domestic demand and exports— by 2020 for Indian companies. The smaller, niche firms that are bearing the brunt of this tug-of-war for talent are investing in different strategies to be able to retain talent.

A report by Crisil said small Indian data analytics firms are investing heavily in infrastructure and other office facilities to create an employee-friendly environment. Some companies try to offer stock options as a means of ensuring employee loyalty.

"We obviously need to pay our people fairly and over the last four years, our increments have been a few percentage points higher than the IT industry," said Srikanth Velamakanni , cofounder and CEO of Fractal Analytics that offer predictive analytics solutions to financial services, insurance and consumer goods clients.

Source : TOI