AWK Scripts for Normalized Routing Load/Overhead

Normalized Routing Load (or Normalized Routing Overhead) is defined as the total number of routing packet transmitted per data packet.

It is calculated by dividing the total number of routing packets sent (includes forwarded routing packets as well) by the total number of data packets received.

AWK Script to calculate Normalized Routing Load for Old trace format can be downloaded from the link given below:

AWK Script for Normalized Routing Load - Old Trace Format:

nrl_ot.awk

AWK Script to calculate Normalized Routing Load for New trace format can be downloaded from the link given below:

AWK Script for Normalized Routing Load - New Trace Format:

nrl_nt.awk

If there are any problems encountered in downloading above files, please visit the link given below:

http://www.mediafire.com/?z1c2cxdt1a31d

These scripts work for AODV, DSDV, DSR and OLSR. To use these scripts for other routing protocols, just add the name of that routing protocol in appropriate loop within this script.

Note: Please report any bugs if encountered.

Hope it helps.

AWK Script for NS2

AWK is a programming language that is designed for processing text-based data, either in files or data streams, and was created at Bell Labs in the 1970s. The name AWK is derived from the family names of its authors - Alfred Aho, Peter Weinberger and Brian Kernighan.

"AWK is a language for processing files of text. A file is treated as a sequence of records, and by default each line is a record. Each line is broken up into a sequence of fields, so we can think of the first word in a line as the first field, the second word as the second field, and so on. An AWK program is of a sequence of pattern-action statements. AWK reads the input a line at a time. A line is scanned for each pattern in the program, and for each pattern that matches, the associated action is executed." - Alfred V. Aho

 - - - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Links to AWK scripts for NS2 are given below:

AWK script for throughput – Download! (Click again if it doesnt work first time :) )

AWK script for jitter – Download!

AWK script for pdf (packet delivery fraction) – Download!

How to Install NS All In One 2.35 in Ubuntu 12.04 As Ubuntus new version 12.04 LTS needs following packages before any further installation,otherwise it will not work with it. Please follow the following steps: 1. Download & install some packages from repository if needed (Now its optional) $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev 2. Download NS All In One 2.35 URL: http://sourceforge.net/projects/nsnam/files/allinone/ns-allinone-2.35/ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz/download $ tar -zxvf ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz $ cd ns-allinone-2.35 $ ./install 3. Set environment variables $ gedit ~/.bashrc Add the following lines to the end of the file.

I run ns-2.35 on my Ubuntu 12.10 While I finished installing my ns2 and tried to run via "sudo ns xxx.tcl", it showed on the screen saying that there was no ns2 on my computer and I have to use "apt-get install ns2". I used it, and then it was installed successfully. Now I modify some .cc files and recompile my ns2, and it is successful, too. But the problem is that the results are not modified as I want. In fact, the result doesn't change. It seems my modification doesn't really change anything in my ns2. Why? There's no error in my installation or compilation? I am so confused. Is there anyone face the same problem? Thanks in advance! down vote accepted I think your installed ns2 is not in your bash_profile path. execute which ns in terminal. it displays which ns is currently working. If it is usr/bin its default ns .now give path to your ns using PATH command. hope it helps Yes, it's usr/bin/ns. Thanks so much for this. But for modifying the path, I have modified the path setting in .bashrc file, and the path was not set to default path. Do I need to change it? – DartKouth Jul 5 at 3:50 Go to your NS2allinone/bin directory Type "pwd" it displays (echo) the path to present bin folder.now copy this and open new terminal and type .bash_profile just add this path with existing path. or PATH="your pwd echo message" now tou can execute your ns.. but you need to do this for every terminal. – Naveen.S Jul 6 at 6:03 Thank you so much. This really helps! –

How to Install NS All In One 2.35 in Ubuntu 12.04

As Ubuntus new version 12.04 LTS needs following packages before any further installation,otherwise it will not work with it. Please follow the following steps:
1. Download & install some packages from repository if needed (Now its optional)
          $ sudo apt-get update
          $ sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev 

2. Download NS All In One 2.35
URL: http://sourceforge.net/projects/nsnam/files/allinone/ns-allinone-2.35/ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz/download

         $ tar -zxvf ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz
         $ cd ns-allinone-2.35
         $ ./install
 
3. Set environment variables
         $ gedit ~/.bashrc

Add the following lines to the end of the file. Remember replace “/your/path” by the folder where you have stored extracted the ns-2 file (For example, if your Linux account name is purple, and you have extracted the file to your home directory, you have to change /your path

# LD_LIBRARY_PATH
OTCL_LIB=/your/path/ns-allinone-2.35/otcl-1.14
NS2_LIB=/your/path/ns-allinone-2.35/lib
USR_LOCAL_LIB=/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$OTCL_LIB:$NS2_LIB:$USR_LOCAL_LIB

# TCL_LIBRARY
TCL_LIB=/your/path/ns-allinone-2.35/tcl8.5.10/library
USR_LIB=/usr/lib
export TCL_LIBRARY=$TCL_LIB:$USR_LIB

# PATH
XGRAPH=/your/path/ns-allinone-2.35/bin:/your/path/ns-allinone-2.35/tcl8.5.10/unix:/your/path/ns-allinone-2.35/tk8.5.10/unix
NS=/your/path/ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/
NAM=/your/path/ns-allinone-2.35/nam-1.15/
export PATH=$PATH:$XGRAPH:$NS:$NAM

Ensure that it immediately takes effect: 
$ source ~/.bashrc
 

4. You can test the installation by doing the following:
         $ cd ns-2.35
         $ ./validate

Note that this validation takes a really long time. If it starts out ok, you probably have a good installation.

How to crack a job interview

People make a lot of mistakes while giving a job interview, and by the time realisation come it is too late.

Rosemary Haefner, vice president of human resources for CareerBuilder, said a successful interview is a presentation that marries the job-seeker's personality and professional experience to the needs of the hiring manager and the company. She recommends the following interview tips:

Do your research: Before the interview, research the company online by looking at their press room for recent company news, the "About Us" section for information about the company culture, and the list of products and services so you are familiar with all they do, Live Science reported.

Keep it upbeat: During the interview, stay positive and avoid bad-mouthing previous employers.

Prepare examples and ideas: Bring your resume to life by practicing specific anecdotes that highlight your accomplishments and the ways in which you dealt with challenges in your past roles. Be prepared to share ideas of what you would bring to the position.

The research was based on surveys of more than 3,000 hiring managers and human resources professionals.

Source : DC

UP to have 1cr unemployed youth by 2017: National Sample Survey Organization

For the Akhilesh Yadav government, the burgeoning unemployment problem comes as a daunting challenge. The 66th round of the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) report puts the projection of unemployed youth in Uttar Pradesh in the age group of 15-35 at whopping 1 crore by the end of the ongoing 12th Five Year Plan (2012-17). They will be in addition to the backlog of around 32 lakh unemployed, who are already in the queue awaiting their chance.

The grim reality urgently calls for a drastic shift in planning and development approach before it becomes unmanageable. The spiralling problem may snowball into widespread social unrest and dejection with far-reaching political repercussions. Chief minister Akhilesh Yadav represents a generational change and owes much to the youth, who voted him to power. So the change for youth largely depends on the government's ability to address the problem of unemployment, which remains the core issue for job-seeking young population.

What comes as a real shock is the decline of agriculture workers at an alarming pace. There was a net decline of 49 lakh agriculture workers in the last five years in Uttar Pradesh. The NSSO report shows that the number of total agriculture workers went down from 403 lakh in 2004-05 to 369 lakh in 2009-10 and 354 lakh in 2011-12.

So, at present, only 52.41% of the total workers are now engaged in the UP's agriculture sector. Earlier it used to be as high as 78%. There has been a constant decline in the number of agriculture workers, but the drop in their number was rapid in the last five years. The declining trend continues and this is expected to dwindle further by 5% in the current financial year.

This indicates the poor performance of the agriculture sector, which is the mainstay of the state's economy. The sector has grown at the rate of 3-4%, which is much below the overall potential of the state.

Reasons for this are many. The major contributory factor is that agriculture has become far more unproductive due to rising cost of inputs, particularly fertilisers and seeds, besides unpredictable weather conditions like floods and droughts. Adding to this are the small land holdings, which are shrinking every passing year. The result is that there are too many small and marginal farmers who are living below subsistence level. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) is another factor that has driven agriculture labourers towards construction work. However, those engaged with the scheme are also not deemed better-paid and thus most of them are forced to survive on meager income.

Analysing the trend, former director of Giri Institute of Development Studies, AK Singh, says: "The shift of labourers from agriculture is a good sign, provided the workers are paid well and lead a decent life." But this is not the case in most conditions as the decent work is available to only a minority of 9.72% workers. Incidentally, since 2004-05 their number has shown a marginal increase from 9% to 9.72%. On the other hand, the number of casual labourers has risen from 100 lakh to 160 lakh, which shows a sharp increase from 16.9% to 24%.

The dismal situation of job availability in UP is further evident by the fact findings of the NSSO. It states that the work participation rate in UP remains at 33.3%, while the total number of workers has gone up from 667 lakh in 2004-05 to 675 in 2011-12. Thus it shows that 67% workers either have to go without any work or have to fend themselves on pecuniary wages. They are not bracketed in decent job conditions that contain security covers like medical or other risk insurance.

The employment scenario further makes a depressing reading. The manufacturing sector, considered the corner stone of the economy, has grown at snail's pace of 1.64%. The number of workers employed in this sector has risen from 84 lakh in 2004-05 to just 86 lakh in 2011-12. However, if the base year is taken as 2009-10, then the sector shows a sharp increase from 72 lakh to 86 lakh in 2011-12. As against the total workers, the sector employs 12.75%.

Construction sector shows a continued increase but at a lower rate. It accounts for 12.64% of total work force. The numbers rose from 37 lakh in 2004-05 to 79 lakh in 2009-10 and to 85 lakh in 2011-12. Incidentally, this was the period was when the state witnessed a large number of construction activities like dalit memorials and parks under the Mayawati regime.

So, the structure of workforce in UP is undergoing a change in favour of non-agricultural sector. The proportion of workers employed in agriculture sector dropped to 11.5 percentage points during 1999-2012. The proportion of workers in manufacturing sector has shown a small increase of 1.64% points. Construction sector, however, recorded impressive gain of 8.8 percentage points in its share in workers. Services also show a modest gain. Thus it is only low paid informal sector employment which has been increasing in the state.

Ironically, the issue of unemployment remains a matter of misplaced priority. The growth pattern adopted is also not employment-oriented. The best example of this is of the agriculture, which has witnessed a sharp mechanisation. Industries are not coming and the emphasis is only large industries rather than small and medium scale, which have more job potential. The allied sectors of agriculture like horticulture, food processing, fisheries, dairy and poultry farming are just in infancy in the state despite having huge potential. In the face of the prevailing situation, unemployment dole makes no answer to the vexed problem of job crunch.

Source : TOI

OPPORTUNITY TO STUDY MBA IN DUBAI - PART TIME & WORK FULL TIME. ADMISSION OPEN FOR BBA, BTECH & B ARCH.

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Time: 11 am - 3 pm

Venue: Admission Overseas, 601,Topaz Building, Amrutha Hills, Panjagutta, Hyderabad.

Click Here & Register for the Event

CALL 8008422573 or 9959292323


Dubai campus:
Amity Dubai is offering to all the Indian Students 25% scholarship on the First year Tuition Fee for September 2013 Intake
Also to Continue the Scholarship, If the student maintains the CGPA 6.0 every year becomes eligible for another year 25% Scholarship
Amity has acquired 70000 sq. ft. space and is coming up with the much bigger campus in years time accommodating 5000 students (Press Release attached)
Please find attached MBA first Batch Concluding ceremony

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Ways to build-up your career from college days

Bunking college? Highly recommended! But only if you are using that time to do some learning outside the classroom…

On one of the TEDx talks, Sir Ken Robinson, a leading educational reformist, made a significant remark about the “linearity” of the current educational system: “… it starts here; you go through a track, and if you do everything right, you will end up set for the rest of your life.” This linearity is the most likely reason that you are in the college and the stream you are in right now.

Did you ever have a dream? Were you passionate about designing cars? Have you always dreamt of making a BIG social impact? When you were young, did you have amazing writing skills? You probably did. But, somehow, you landed up in an engineering college and your dreams have become a mere hobby, if not fully extinguished.

If you want a career in what you love doing, here's help. Your curriculum helps a little, even assuming you ended up in the right stream. Today, learning is more than just about concepts and curriculum. It is about keeping pace with trends, networking with the right people, and building your knowledge and skills in your area of interest. No better time than college to do this. Here are some pointers to get you back on the right track...

Network: Professional networking during college is a critical aspect of learning that most students miss out on! Building the right professional contacts during college makes it easy to get internships, find mentors and get a job in the field you love.

Events and conferences: Keep tabs on relevant events in your city and ensure you attend as many as possible. Apart from gaining new insights, events are the best place for you get to meet new people from diverse professions. Look out for TEDx events in your city. Chennai Open Coffee Club is a group where entrepreneurs and wannabe entrepreneurs meet every month.

Check out conferencealerts.com/india.htm which post updates on events and conferences regularly. Participating in the right groups on Linkedin and following newspapers will ensure you don't miss important ones. Make sure you meet at least five new people at every event you attend.

Five quick steps to network in a conference:

1) Introduce yourself.

2) Start a conversation with a smart question or a pre-prepared pitch.

3) Have a quick meaningful conversation.

4) Ask for their business card.

5) Be sure to follow up via e-mail.

Guest lectures in colleges: You have scores of guest lecturers and industry experts addressing you in college. Ensure you connect with them once their talk is over. Take notes during the talk if required, but ensure you have some feedback and questions when you approach them.

You've got to network like crazy! Make it a point to start a relationship with at least one new person every week and I don't mean dating!

Internships: Internships are the best way for you to gain practical exposure. The best part: 65 per cent of companies offer you a full-time job based on your performance during your internship. It also adds immense value to your profile. The important thing is to use internships as an experimenting platform. So, don't restrict yourself to internships in just one field. Look to do at least four internships through your college. With many companies offering virtual internships (work from home), you can do internships even when your college is not on vacation! Consider doing at least one internship in a start-up, the learning is immense.

Tips to get an internship:

Tap professional network: This is the best way. If you have built a good rapport with relevant professionals, check with them for possible internship opportunities.

Career section: Many companies list internship openings in the careers section on their site. For instance, Amazon has interesting internships for developers; find market research internships at Frost and Sullivan based on your stream.

Through portals: There are several portals that make it easier for you to get internships. You can check Twenty19.com, internshala.com and AIESEC (International internships)

Keep up with trends, build your knowledge: A curriculum can never keep up with the rate of change happening today. For an electronics engineering student, the best textbook may have information about the new technologies applied in iPhone 4, which it doesn't. Even if it did, it will be outdated. Keeping up with current trends and building your knowledge and skills around it will be extremely beneficial when you get out of college.

Subscribe to experts' blogs and sites: Experts in different areas maintain regularly updated blogs, which are a great source of valuable insights. For example, if you are interested in marketing and business, subscribe to Seth Godin's blog and MarketingProfs' newsletter. Check out Mashable and Techcrunch if you're a tech and social media is your cup of tea!

Linkedin Today: With this feature on linkedin.com, you get to read the most popular stories and articles from the leading news sources based on your interest. This is a fantastic tool to keep up with trends, build knowledge and gain perspective. You can subscribe for feeds based on the industry of your interest whether it is automobiles or fashion. You'll get the best stories from the most relevant and top-rated sources.

Twitter: Twitter is like the ultimate university where you can get the best insights and knowledge on any subject.The best way to make use of twitter is by following the right people and lists. Science geeks should follow Andrew Maynard (@2020science), a scientist who tweets about all the good stuff on his blog !

Tip: To find the right people and lists to follow on Twitter based on your interest, go to Listorious.com

Web Learning: Bored of listening to your professors? Access course lectures at IITs (nptel.iitm.ac.in) and international universities like MIT (www.ocwconsortium.org) for free. You can learn anything under the sun on the web. Codeacademy.com and W3Schools.com are great for learning how to code and for web development. Udemy.com and skillshare.com are platforms where anybody in the world can learn and teach.

Initiatives

Spend more time with meaningful initiatives. The best part is they will pay off in a BIG way! Here are couple of highly recommended ones:

Blogs: Maintain your own professional blog where you write articles related to your career passion. Write about latest trends, comment on articles you have read, your ideas and insights... Ensure you bring in your perspective in atleast some part of every blog entry that you make.

Volunteer: Volunteer for a cause that you believe in. NGOs are always on the lookout for reliable volunteers!

Bottomline: The amount of time you spend learning outside of your curriculum is directly proportional to how awesome your career will be!

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Curriculum is always a few years, if not decades, out of date. Only by getting out can you get knowledge and skills that are current and useful. For example, I did the Google Summer of Code (internship) with mediawiki last year, and am an employee of the Wikimedia Foundation, where I help run Wikipedia, an amazing job with a huge impact. Would've never happened if I stuck to my “curriculum”. - YUVARAJ PANDIAN (He has now dropped out of college )

Most of what you learn at college is not what you apply in the corporate world. Focusing too much on studying things in the curriculum and not on learning things that help you in the real world would be a bad bet. I worked on a couple of projects for the visually challenged people during my second and third year of college and presented them in research conferences in the U.S. and Singapore. During my fourth year, I built a web app called Extragram, which now has users from more than 102 countries! These initiatives taught me a lot of lessons, which I apply as I build my start-up company. - KEVIN WILLIAM DAVID, Sairam College of Engineering

Internship programmes undoubtedly accelerate students' career paths. As a student, I interned with L&T where I built a TCP/IP stack ground up for their Patient Monitoring System. When I began applying what I had been studying till then, it led to a shift in perspective. I began taking my course more seriously. It changed everything; I began applying myself better in everything I did. - KISHORE A.K., Co-founder and CEO, Althea Systems

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What employers want…

Signing up to be part of industry associations and forums is a great way to understand recent developments; it also gives you the opportunity to network. Students eventually work in an organisation where skills such as leadership, planning and a certain amount of risk-taking are essential. The best way to acquire these is to venture beyond textbooks and take part in activities such as industry forums, sports, technical and cultural challenges or be a part of associations where you have the opportunity to manage projects. - ABHAY SINGH, Director HR, Applied Materials India.

Learning through experiences and internships is often more engaging, relevant to current industry practices and gives students access to better resources. Most importantly, students get to be part of a realistic work environment and get a sense of working with a team, meeting pecific goals and deadlines and are encouraged to explore multiple avenues to arrive at a solution. They learn how to innovate in a lean, entrepreneurial and start-up environment. They learn how to work closely with customers and solve problems as well. - VIJAY ANAND, Vice President, India Development Center, Intuit

The Indian education system relies heavily on the marks in tests/exams. However, as an organisation, we look for attitude, passion, integrity, team spirit and a hunger to learn. These are not reflected in the marksheet. Organisations also use various methods to evaluate a candidate. Psychometric tests and behavioural models are some tools to better understand a candidate or employee's role fit in the organisation. Recently we were interviewing a candidate, a fresher, who was exceptionally smart and fit our requirements. When the interview ended, she was keen to show us her academic records. We said “no”. Marksheets do not tell us what we want to know about the candidate. Of course, they may be required later by HR for reference checks and other documentation formalities. - SHEKHAR SANYAL, Country Head, IET India

Source : Hindu

What keeps India's engineers unemployed

Somewhere between a fifth to a third of the million students graduating out of India's engineering colleges run the risk of being unemployed. Others will take jobs well below their technical qualifications in a market where there are few jobs for India's overflowing technical talent pool. Beset by a flood of institutes (offering a varying degree of education) and a shrinking market for their skills, India's engineers are struggling to subsist in an extremely challenging market.

According to multiple estimates, India trains around 1.5 million engineers, which is more than the US and China combined. However, two key industries hiring these engineers -- information technology and manufacturing -- are actually hiring fewer people than before.

For example, India's IT industry, a sponge for 50-75% of these engineers will hire 50,000 fewer people this year, according to Nasscom. Manufacturing, too, is facing a similar stasis, say HR consultants and skills evaluation firms.

According to data from AICTE, the regulator for technical education in India, there were 1,511 engineering colleges across India, graduating over 550,000 students back in 2006-07. Fuelled by fast growth, especially in the $110 billion outsourcing market, a raft of new colleges sprung up -- since then, the number of colleges and graduates have doubled.

Job problems...
Jobs have, however, failed to keep pace. "The entire ecosystem has been built around feeding the IT industry," says Kamal Karanth, managing director of Kelly Services, a global HR consultancy.

"But, the business model of IT companies has changed...customers are asking for more. The crisis is very real today." Placement numbers across institutes -- including tier-I colleges such as IIT Bombay -- have mirrored these struggles.

In 2012-13, in IIT Bombay, a total of 1,501 students opted to go through the placement process. At the time of writing, only 1,005 had been placed (placements are currently underway in the institute).

In 2011-12, 1,060 of the 1,389 students were placed. Further down the pecking order, at the Amity School of Engineering and Technology, placements are muted. The number of companies visiting is down from 86 last year to 67 in 2013 at the time of writing (placements are currently underway).

Batch sizes have reduced drastically at its Noida campus this year, with 365 students placed so far in a batch size of 459, compared to 1,032 being placed in a batch size of 1,160 last year.

"Some companies have delayed the joining dates of students who passed out last year and they are still waiting to be placed," says Ajay Rana, director, Amity Technical Placement Centre. "We can expect joining dates of students who passed out this year to be deferred by a minimum of six months."

...Trickle down
This muddled equation is now showing signs of social and economic strain across the country. Frustrated engineers are taking jobs for which they are overqualified and, therefore, underpaid.

A few exceptions have even turned to crime. According to media reports, Manjunath Reddy, a civil engineer, turned to chain snatching in Thane, a suburb of Mumbai, to support his young family. While he used some money to buy a small flat in peripheral Mumbai, his failure to net a job drove him to crime, he told the police when caught.

Like him, another engineer in Aurangabad turned to car lifting as a route to easy money. "The social aspect of this massive under-employment and unemployment will soon be witnessed," warns Pratik Kumar, HR chief of Wipro and chief executive of its infrastructure engineering unit.

Hiring is slowing down because recruiters are changing their strategy. "An engineering degree is a poor proxy for your education and employment skills," says Manish Sabharwal, chairman of TeamLease, a temp staffing firm.

"The world of work is evolving... employers increasingly don't care what you know, they focus on what you can do with that knowledge." While dozens of new institutes have been established in the past six or eight years, he claims that over a third of them are empty and perhaps they are "worth more dead (for the real estate they sit on) than alive."

A global economic slowdown may have only worsened what is already a bad problem, say others such as Amit Bansal, co-founder of Purple Leap, a skills assessment firm, which routinely gauges the capabilities of students across these institutes.

"Even without this slowdown, there are a large number of students who won't get a job," he says. Bansal estimates that, at best, there are 150,000-200,000 jobs generated annually in the Indian economy and far too many engineers attacking this labour pool.

What's more, India's technical talent pool is also warped, with almost the same number of engineers as technical graduates from institutes such as ITI. "In developed markets, there is usually one engineer for every ten," says Bansal. This skew is only compounding the woes of engineers in India.

Source: TOI